Past Simple - простое прошедшее время

Past Simple - простое прошедшее время

 

 Время Past Simple используется для обозначения действия, которое произошло в определенное время в прошлом и время совершения которого уже истекло. Для уточнения момента совершения действия в прошлом при использовании времени Past Simple употребляются со следующими временными маркерами: yesterday – вчера, the day before yesterday – позавчера, once upon a time – однажды, at that time – тогда, last week, night, year – на прошлой неделе(ночь, год) , two hours ago – 2 часа назад, two hours later – 2 часа спустя, long ago – давним давно, the other day- на днях, недавно, eventually – в конце концов, in 1952 – в 1952.

Образование Past Simple

 Утвердительные предложения:

I played	We played
You played	You played
He/she/it played	They played

 

 Вопросительные предложения:

Did I play?	Did we play?
Did you play?	Did you play?
Did he / she / it play?	Did they play?

 

 Отрицательные предложения:

I did not play	We did not play
You did not play	You did not play
He / she / it did not play	They did not play

 

 Для того, чтобы поставить английский глагол во время Past Simple, нужно использовать его «вторую форму». Для большинства глаголов она образуется прибавлением окончания -ed:

 example:Examine – examined, enjoy – enjoyed, close – closed

 Однако есть также достаточно большая группа неправильных английских глаголов, которые образуют форму прошедшего времени не по общим правилам, для них форму прошедшего времени нужно просто запомнить.

example:We saw your dog two blocks from here.

Мы видели вашу собаку в двух кварталах отсюда.

 В вопросительном предложении перед подлежащим нужно использовать вспомогательный глагол do в прошедшем времени – did, а после подлежащего поставить основной, значимый глагол в начальной форме:

example:1.Did you wash your hands? - Ты помыл руки?

2.Did they sign the contract? - Они подписали контракт?

 В отрицательных предложениях перед глаголом нужно поставить вспомогательный глагол did и отрицательную частицу not:

example:1.We did not find our car. - Мы не нашли свою машину.

2.I did not understand this question. -Я не понял этот вопрос.

Случаи употребления Past Simple:

 Указание на простое действие в прошлом:

example:1.I saw Jeremy in the bank. - Я видел Джереми в банке.

Регулярные, повторяющиеся действия в прошлом:

1.The old man often visited me.- Старик часто меня навещал.

2.I noticed this charming shop girl each time I went to buy something.

Я замечал эту очаровательную продавщицу каждый раз, когда шел за покупками.

 Перечисление последовательности действий в прошлом:

3.I heard a strange sound, looked back, and saw a huge cat sitting on the table.

Я услышал странный звук, обернулся и увидел здоровенного кота, сидящего на столе.

Ex:1

Choose the correct tense.

As the stranger________(come) to the station, a car_________(stop)  behind him.My grandma ______  (watch) TV. But she______ (read) books.  When______  (start) work? I _____ (start) at 6 o'clock.  He ______ (get up) and ______ (switch off) the light.  When I______ (finish) my homework, I______(cook)   dinner.  While we_____(listen)   to the news, the telephone______ (ring) .  Kate_____(stund up) and  _______(answer) it.  As I_____ (drive) to work last Friday, a car ______ (crash) in front of me.  What____ (you do) when you_____ (see) it?  I ____ (stepp) on the brakes.  Yesterday Carrol _____(write) letters from 10 to 11 and then from 5 to 7 again.  We arrived in Cannes at 2.30 and the sun _____ (shine).  People  on the beach and big yachts_____ (sail) near the harbour.  We_____ (park) our car and _____  (go) to the beach.

Ex:2

Put in the verbs in brackets into the gaps. Use the Simple Past. Watch the punctuation and form sentences or questions.

Example: ____ she ____ the Internet? (to surf)

Answer: Did she surf the Internet?

1) I _____ my Maths homework yesterday. (to do)

2) _____ Susan ______  to England by plane? (to go)

3) They_____  a farm two weeks ago. (to visit)

4) Jenny and Peggy _____ their brother. (not/to help)

5) The children_______  at home last weekend. (not/to be)

6) When_____  you_____  this wonderful skirt? (to design)

7) My mother______  into the van. (not/to crash)

8) The boys______  the mudguards of their bicycles. (to take off)

9) _____ you _____  your aunt last week? (to phone)

10) He______  milk at school. (not/to drink)

Text 1

Shop and shopping

We go shopping practically every day. There are many different kinds of shops in every town or city: shop, department store, men’s and women’s clothing stores, grocer’s, baker’s, butcher’s, greengro confectioners’ dairy’s and so on.

If your frig is empty, take your shopping bag and in a food supermarket you can buy different things at sausage, tinned fish or meat, fish, sugar, tea, sweets, salt, cheese, cereal crops and other things.

At the butcher’s you can choose meat and poultry, ham, bacon, sausages and hot dogs. At the baker’s can find rye and white bread, buns, biscuits, rolls and so on. Vegetables such as cabbage, cucumbers, toma onions, beet; different fruit like apples, cherries, pears, oranges; tinned fruit, fruit-juice are sold at the greengro If you come to a dairy’s you are sure to buy milk, sour cream, butter, cheese and what-not. We go to confectioner’s for cakes, sweets and pastry.

Many customers prefer to do their shopping at a self-service shop where from counter to counter you choose everything you like. All products are sold ready-packed.

Shop-assistants, cashiers work in the shop. A shop-assistant at the foodstore weighs on scales the things want to buy, wraps them and you pay money at the cash desk, then a cashier gives you the change and the

Some people prefer to do their shopping at the market, where there is a wide choice of different thing!

If you want to buy clothes, shoes, furniture or a birthday present you would go to the department st which has many departments: clothes, shoes, hats, furniture, electric appliances, radio and television sets many other things. You can also buy a blouse or jeans, a toy or a tape-recorder. It is not difficult to mak suitable purchase.

Vocabulary notes.

Shop-assistant - продавец, продавщица

self-service – самообслуживание

grocer – бакалейщик

baker- пекарь

butcher- мясник

confectioner - кондитер

Questions about the text

1.Who does shopping in you family?

2.Do you go shopping every day?

4..What kinds of shops do you know?

5.Where would you go to buy bread?

6.Why do many people prefer to do shopping at the supermarket?

7.What are the advantages of a supermarket!

9.Does a shop-assistant help you to choose th

10Where can you buy vegetables and fruit?

11.What can you find at the clothes departmen

12. What can you buy at the market?