Стратегическое партнерство между Россией и Китаем

Page 1

J1CTOPJ1R
EEK 63.3(2)64-6
l.J:JICoy
L(3JlHbUH
Crpa'reraxecxoe naprnepcrao
Me)K,lJ;y KHTaeM H
Poccaea
B
nasane
XXI
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KJIIO'le6ble CJl06a:
KlITaH, POCCHJI, crparerasecsoe nap­
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npaaosaa Sasa, Illaaxaacxas OpraHH3al..lHJI COTpY,AHHqe­
CTBa, MHoronOJIj/pHOCTb, 3KOHOMHqeCKHe OTHOllIeHHj/,
BoeHHO-TeXHHqeCKOe cOTpy,AHHqeCTBo.
Key
words: China, Russia, strategy companion
relationship,foundationofintemationallaw, organization
of cooperation Shanghai, multi polarity, Economic
relationship, military technology cooperate.
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TOM, qTOTepMHHOM «crparerasecxoe napTHepCTBO»
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aecssra axryansnsra.
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qeM aa OAHH roll. no HCTeqeHHH COOTBeTcTBylOIUero rre­
paozta AeHcTBHH norosopa He yBeAoMHT B nHChMeHHOH
epopMe
npyryio
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HaMepeHHH npexparnrs ero AeHCTBHe»
[1,
c.
39].
Hy)l(HO 3aMeTHTh, qTO KHTaHCKM H pOCCHHCKM aa­
ysaas
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no-pasaoay
orpearaponana na
nonnacanae ynouauyroro norosopa, COCTaBHBIIIero
Ba)l(HYIO sexy Bpa3BHTHH crparerasecxoro napraepcrsa
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nOAaBJIHIOIUee 60JIhIIIHHCTBO CrreUHaJIHCTOB B 06JIaCTH
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CqHTaeT, qTO noroaopao-rrpaaoayto OCHOBy HaIIIeHrpaaa­
UbI COCTaBillilOT
«aepaaaonpasasre»
pyCCKo-KHTaHCKHe
AOroBOphI. CJIeAOBaTeJIhHO, erne TOJIhKO npe,nCTOHT rrpo­
228

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CTparerl1yeCKOe napTHepCTBO MelKJlY KI1TaeM 11 POCCl1eH B ua-rane
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pemenaex
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[2,
c.
344]
Eute
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OT HCTOpHH BonpOCOB»
[2,
c.
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npa KOTOpbIX KHTaHCKaH cropoaa apexeano comauraercs
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pasnysrse
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[2,
c.
351].
IO.M.
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saaesaer,
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25
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roro '1T06bl
noxasars pasfipoc
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r., yMecTHo B ,!(aHHOM
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16
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2001
r.:
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H
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norosopa HBJlHeTCH 06H3aTeJlbCTBO CTOpOH aa OCHOBe
C06J1IO.n.eHHH npnauarroa H HOpM MeJK,!(yHapo,!(Horo
rrpasa H llHTH npanuanoa MHpHoro cocymecraoaanas
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,!(pyJK6bl, COTpY,!(HJiqeCTBa, paaaonpasaoro noseparens­
aoro napraepcraa H CTpaTerH'IeCKOrO B3aHMo.n.eHcTBHH»
[3, c. 75].
Pe310MHpYH llIHPOKHH cnexrp OlleHOK nsycropoasero
KHTaHcKo-pOCcHHcKoro norosopa
200 1
r., MOJKHO cnenars
CJleA)'lOmHH 06mHH BbIBO.n.:
OroBOP
o nofipococencrae,
.n.pyJK6e H cOTpy.n.HH'IeCTBe MeJK,!(y POCCHHCKOR <!>e.n.e­
pauaea
H KHTaHcKoH
Haponaon
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16
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2001
r. HBHJlCH 3aMeTHOH BeXOH na nyra C03.n.aHHH
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15
HIOHH
2001
r. B
Illanxae
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Kasaxcran,
KHPrH3HH, Ta.n.JKHKHCTaH H Y36eKHcTaH Ony6rrHKOBaJIH
3aHBJIeHHe, B KOTOpOM 6bIJIO nposoarnaureao pOJK.n.eHHe
Illaaxaacxon
opraaasauaa corpyznranecrna (lIlOC).
B naue lIlOC na CBeT noasanacs «perHOHaJIbHaH oprana­
sanas, aaneneanaa HeTOJlbKO na
pemeane
np06J1eM 6e30­
nacHOCTH, HO Haa MHoroCTopoHHee B3aHMo,!(eHCTBHe»
[4,
c.
10]. Onpenenemrsra
py6eJKOM B paJBHTHH lIlOC 6bIJIH
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17
HIOHH
2005
r.
BACTaHe H106MJIeHHblH CaMMHT
15
HIOHH
2006
r. B
Illaaxae,
KaK OTMe'lalOT HCCJle.n.OBaTeJIH,
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(2005
r.) H
Illaaxae
(2006
r.) MOJKHO HaJBaTb 3TanOM aosoro xasecraemroro
paJBHTHH»
[5,
c.
14].
I1TorH osepeznroro CaMMHTa lIlOC
17
HIOHH
2005
r.
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B) ymytinenae B3aHMo,!(eHCTBHH lIlOC C
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BTO) H TaKTnqeCKHX lleJleH no
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HapKOTPaepHKaMH, TeppopH3MOM
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3KcTPeMH3MoM.
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orenuaan lIlOC, ero BJlHHHHe aa cacresry
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spesasrsanao
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A3HH. KaK nO,!('1epKHBaIOT sxcneprst, «B :nOM 6bIJI H
OCTaeTCH ee OrpOMHblH nOJlHTJiqeCKHH c,!(epJKHBaIOmHR
nOTeHllHaJI»
[5,
c.
15].
Orsepras sanannsre
OlleHKH lIlOC, 6blBllIHH soea­
HblH, BoeHHo-MopCKOH HBoeHHO-B03A)'llIHblH
arrame
npa
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npaaecra K"aHTaroHH3MY nayx nOJIIOCOB", KOTOpblH na­
necer spen CTaHOBJleHHIO perHOHaJIbHOH fieaonacxocru.
Henensisra
HTeH,!(eHllH03HblMH B3TOM KOHTeKCTe
oxassr­
229

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Page 3

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[6, c. 15].
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[5,
c.
15].
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nsyx CTpaHpaamomoro ypOBHlI. qTO xacaercs KOHTaKTOB
Me)l{ilY ilByMlI crparerasecxaaa naprnepaaa - KHP H
P<1>, TO ero Hy)l{HO npaanars ilOCTaTOqHO BblCOKHM H
HHTeHCHBHbIM. He06xOilHMO cornacarscs C oueHKOH
ilaHHOH CTOpOHbI CTpaTerHqeCKOrO napTHepCTBa
Karas
H POCCHH, ilaHHOH B caoe
spexs
nocnou KHP
B P<1>
Jho Fysaaoa.
.TIIO Iysaa, B qaCTHOCTH, nacan:
«Bsrcoxoro
ypOBHlI nocrarno nOnHTHqeCKOeB3aHMHoe
nosepae. PYKOBOilHTenH aaumx CTpaH
nonnepxasaror
Me)l{ilY C060H
recasre
KOHTaKTbl H CB1I3H, nOCTOllHHO
06MeHHBaIOTclI npyr C npyroa MHeHHlIMH H cornaco­
ssrsaror
n03HUHH no
aonpocax
ilByCTOpOHHHX OTHO­
lIleHHH H Ba)l{HeHIIlHM Me)l{ilYHapOilHblM
npotinexa«,
npencraanaiourav B3aHMHblH aarepec, COileHCTBYIOT B
yCTaHoBneHHH XOpOIllHX
nenossrx
OTHOllleHHH, nana­
)l{HBaIOTnHqH)'1O ilpy)l{6y, il06HBaBCb BblCOKOH cTeneHH
B3aHMHoro ilOBepHlI»
[7,
c.
17].
B TOM, qTO xacaercs
snepnoa npofinesrsr
KHAP
H KOHq,epeHUHH lIleCTH
rocyztapcra,
n03HUHH ilBYX
CTPaH He
ronsxo
HMenH 60nbilloe CXOilCTBO. OHH
rarose
B3aHMOileHcTBYlOT no 3TOMy
sonpocy, conericrays
MHpHOMy
pemenaio sonpocoa,
CB1I3aHHbiX C CYilb60H
arosmoro npoexra
KHAP. KpOMe
'roro,
KHP H P<1>,
asrcrynas
nporna
MHnHTapH3aUHH KOCMoca H rOHKH
aoopyxemra
B
xocxoce,
3aHHManH B 3THX
sonpocax
06mHe n03HUHH. KHP H P<1>
ssrcrynana
C HOBblM
npoexrov noroaopa 0 KOCMoce. 0606maB, MO)l{HO
cxaaar s, qTO KHP H P<1>, 6YilyqH nOCTOllHHblMH
qneHaMH COBera Ee30naCHOCTH OOH, OqeHb XOpOIllO
cornacossraaror
CBOH ileHCTBHlI H COTpYilHHqalOT B
Me)l{ilYHapOilHblX sonpocax.
B npouecce BHelllHenOnHTHqeCKHX KOHTaKTOB aa
Me)l{!lYHapoilHoH apeae Me)l{!lY KHP H P<1> supaooranacs
«ycranosxa na soopnaaamuo yCHnHH B q,OpMHpoBa­
HHH MHorononBpHoro MHpoycTpoHcTBa».
B
aoxnaae
Ilpencenarens
KHP U311H U33MHHB na
XV
csesne KTIK
(ceHT1I6pb
1997
r.)
OTMeqaeTClI: «TeHileHUHH MHorono­
nspaocra B nomrraxe, 3KOHOMHKe H npyrax ctpepax no­
nyxana HOBoepa3BHTHe B rn06anbHoM H pernoaansaov
MaCIIlTa6ax»
[8,
c.
160].
C npyroa CTOpOHbl, TIpe3lf)J,eHT POCCHHCKOH <1>eilepa­
UHHE.H. EnbUHH B nocnanaa <1>eilepanbHoMyc06paHHlO
(1997
r.) nomepxnyn, qTO POccHHcKaB BHelllHBB nona­
THKa naueneaa na nocrpoeaae TaKoH CHCTeMbl Me)l{!lY­
napozrasrx
ornourenna, KOTOpaB HCXOilHT H3 roro, qTO
aaur MHp - MHorononIOcHbIH, B HeM He ilOn)l{HO 6bITb
ilOMHHHpOBaHHlI xaxoro-ro onnoro ueirrpa CHnbI.
AaBall 061.l.lY1O ouenxy KOHuenUHH MHorononllpHoro
MHpa, Mbl ilOn)l{Hbl cornacarscs C q,opMynHpoBKoH
A.A. )l{HpHoBa:
«Konuenuas
MHorononBpHoro MHpa,
cq,opMYnHpOBaHHaB B nonxoaax MOCKBblHTIeKHHa,npen­
CTaBnlIeT C060H HileanbHbIH THn Me)l{!lYHapoilHoH MOilenH
B TOM
cxucne,
qTO OHacnyaorr He CTonbKO
orpaxenaea
ysce Cq,OpMHpOBaBIIlHXClI peanan, CKonbKO crpareraea
aa 6Y!lYmee. Ee 6a30BbIMH xapaKTepHCTHKaMHlIBnJIIOTClI
ilHHaMH3M Me)l{!lYHapoilHoro pa3BHTIDI, nonauempax­
HOCTb rn06anbHOH CHCTeMbl H paanonpasae rocynapcrs
KaK OCHOBHbIX ee 3neMeHTOB»
[9,
c.
124-125].
TIPH3TOM yraepxciaror; qTO«06eHM cTPaHaMB3aHMHO
He XBaTaeTrrryfioxoro nOHHMaHHlI nOnHTHqeCKHXH 3KO­
HOMHqeCKHX
npofinex
npyr npyra, HCTOpHH,
xynsrypsr
H
TPailHUHH npyr npyra, a 3TO
orpaaasasaer
yrnytinenae
06MeHoB Me)l{ilY
croponaxa,
ocofienao B ycnosasx,
xorna B cepnuax H zrynrax Macc nacenenaa 06eHX CTOpOH
npononscaror
coxpaasrsca aexoropoe 0lllH60qHOe no­
HHMaHHe,npeilB311TOCTb,6e3yqaCTHOCTb,HrHOpHpOBaHHe
H ila)l{e Bpa)l{ile6Hbie xyacrsa, aexoropsie BH)'TPeHHHe
q,aKTOpbl B 06eHX crpanax sasacryio MOryT npaaoznrrs
K qpe3MepHOH nonHTH3aUHH pOCCHHCKO-KHTaHcKoro 3KO­
HOMHqeCKOrO COTPYilHHqecTBa, a 3TO, B CBOIO osepens,
MO)l{eT npaaoznrrs K TOMy, qTO qHCTO 3KOHOMHqeCKHe
Bonpocbl OCnO)l{HBIOT ilBycTopoHHHe nOnHTHqeCKHe OT­
HOllleHHB H YXYillllaIOT HX»
[9,
c.
299].
230

---

Page 4

Crpa'rer-a-recxoe
napTHepCTBO Me1K,llY KI1TaeM 11 POCCI1el1 B
na-rane XXI
B.
Brrocnenaae ronsrsaaerao
aapacraaae
nporaaopesaa
B cq,epe 3KOHOMHqeCKHX CB}l3eH Me)l(.ny KHP H P<1>.
KHTaHCKOe PYKOBO.nCTBO He
cxpsrsano
csoero HeraTHBHOm
OTHOIlIeHH}l K H3MeHeHHIO MapilipyTa aeqrrerrposona H3
I1pKyTCKOH 06naCTH aa rtofiepexo,e 51rroHcKoro MOp}l
BMeCTO nepaoaasansnoro MapilipyTa, KOTOphiH norosea
6hm orpaaa-raaarscs repparopaeti KHTM.
O./{Ha H3HeraTHBHhIX TeH./{eHI..\HH B 06naCTH 3KOHOMH­
qeCKHX CB}l3eH Me)l(.ny KHTaeM HPOCCHeH 6hmaorsreaeaa
rrpHMOpCKHM 3KOHOMHCTOM K.B. TaTueHKO, KOTOphIH na­
IlIeT: «C B0306HoaneHHeM PhIHOqHhIX B3aHMOOTHOlIIeHHH
H OTKphITHeM
rpaaanu
CKHP B
1990-x
rr. npaxrasecxa
ace CKonhKo-HH6y.nh 3HaqHMhIe
npennpaaras
AanhHem
BOCTOKa POCCHH H CeBepo-BoCTOKa KHTM CTanH KOH­
KYpeHTaMH npyr npyra»
[10,
c.
45].
Besycnoano,
HeraTHBHOH TeH.neHUHeH B pa3BHTHH
3KOHOMHqeCKHX CB}l3eH Me)l(.ny KHTaeM H
Poccaen
}lBn}leTC}l oTcyTcTBHe cKonhKo-HH6y.nh 3aMeTHhiX
HHTerpaUHoHHhIX npoueccos B 3KOHOMHKe nsyx crpan,
cnafioe HHBeCTHUHOHHoe corpynnasecrso.
TIepeH.neM K Borrpocy BoeHHO-TeXHHqeCKOrO
cOTpy.nHHqeCTBa Me)l(.ny KHTaHcKoH Hapo.nHoH
Pecnyfinuxoa
H POCCHHCKOH <1>e.nepaUHeH. He 6y.neT
npeysenaseaaea CKa3aTh, 'ITO BoeHHO-TeXHflqeCKOe CO­
'rpyztaasecrao Me)l(.ny HaIlIHMH CTpaHaMH HMeeT saaoroe
suaxeaae ./{n}l KHTa}l. TIocTaBKa pOCCHHCKOH BoeHHOH
TeXHHKH B KHP, nponasca KOMrrOHeHTOB TeXHHKH H
nHueH3HH aa ee rrpOH3BO.nCTBO Hnpyrae q,OPMhI BoeHHO­
rexanxecxoro corpyztaasecraa Me)l(.l{y KHTaeM HPOCCHeH
HMelOT YCTOHqHBhIH xapaxrep aa nporaacenaa 60nee
necsraneras. B pesynsrare 3aKYrrOK pOCCHHCKHX BOOPy­
)l(eHHH KHP .no6HnaCh erresarnmomero TeXHOnOrHqeCKOm
rrporpecca, nepeiins OT axcnnyaramra CHCTeM
soopyxe­
HHH sroporo nocnesoeaaoro rrOKOneHH}{ K OCBoeHHIO H
rrpOH3Bo.nCTBY Boopy)l(eHHH serseproro H «xerseproro
C IInlOCOM» noxoneaatt. 3TOT PhIBOK }lBJUleTC}l rnaBHhIM
pesynsrarox
BoeHHO-
rexamecsoro
corpynnasecrsa C
POCCHeH. OCHOBHOH )l(e 3a,l{aqeH BoeHHO- TeXHflqeCKOH
rronHTHKH KHP B KOHue
XX
B.- naaane
XXI
B. 6hmo He
.nOCTH)I(eHHe soeaaoro npeaocxoncrsa nan KaKHM-nH60
rocynapcrsosr HnH rpynnott rocynapcra, a nHKBH./{aUH}{
TeXHOnOrHqeCKOm OTCTaBaHH}{ aoopysceaasrxCHn
crpaasr,
H ara aaztasa 6hma penreaa He6e3 rrOMOlUH POCCHH.
06hIqHO npanaro CqHTaTh, 'ITOBoeHHO-TeXHflqeCKOe
ccrpynaaxecrso CKHP orsexaer KOMMep'leCKHM mrrepe­
caM POCCHH, HO B TO )l(e BpeMJI HMeeT BhICOKHe HayqHO­
rexaaxecxae pHCKH. TIo MHeHHIO sxcneproa, 3TH pHCKH
npencraanmorcx CHnhHO npeysemorenasnaa. KpOMe
roro,
mrrepecsr
coxpaaenas norenmrana 060pOHHOH
rrpOMhIIIIneHHOCTH npencrasnxrorca fionee Ba)l(HhIMH
nonaepacaaaa
aarerpansaoti 6e30rraCHOCTH POCCHH,
aexena
nonsrrxa
cnepxars
KHTaHCKHH BoeHHhIH POCT
./{n}l COXpaHeHH}l axryansaoro fiananca CHn, B KOTOpOM
KHTaH y)l(e ofinanaer
aficomornusr npeaocxoncrsox
aan
Poccaea
B 06hIqHhIX cnnax H cpencrsax. Hy)l(HO
TaK)I(e cornacarscs C TeM, 'ITO
nonsrrxa
3TH He HMelOT
CMhIcna euie H norosry, 'ITO BoeHHhIH POCT KHP 6y.neT
nponorosarsca BHe 3aBHCHMOCTH OT rr03HUHH POCCHH,
sonpoc COCTOHT nams B TOM, rrpOH30H.neT na 3TO C
yxacraea POCCHH HnH 6e3 nee.
AeHCTBHTenhHO, B nocnennee BpeM}l OTHOIlIeHH}l
Me)l(.l{y
KHP
H
P<1>
nepesorsaror
onpeneneaasre
rpy.nHOCTH,
nonsepraiorca cepsesasna HCrrhITaHH}lM. O.nHaKO HY)I(HO
3aMeTHTh, 'ITOnonroapesremrue o6lUHe
mrrepecsr
KHP H
P<1> nepeaeunraaror nporaaopexaa,
xoropsre
Me)l(.ny HHMH
HMeIOTC}l. TI03TOMY y crparerasecxoro napraepcrsa,
xoropoe crrosomocs Me)l(.ny
./{BYMJI
crpanasor, cyuiecrsyior
snorrae finaronpaartrsre nepcrrexransr.
liu6J1uorpacIJUQecKUH CoUCOK
I. C60pHHK 0tPHI.
iaansuux
.noKyMeHTOB,
pernaxenrapyro­
mHX nsycropoaaae MelK.LIyHapo.nHble OTHOl.lJeHHlI POCCHH H
KHTaJI na cOBpeMeHHoM srane
I
COCT. H.B. Ilpaxonsxo, - EJIa­
roseureacx, 2005.
2.
Faneaoaror,
IO.M. POCCHlI- KHTaH.
Illecrs
.nOroBOpOB
I
IO.M. Faneaoaax, - M., 2003.
3. Jlapaa, B.ll. B TeHH npocaysureroca npaxoaa:
POCCHHCKo-KHTaHcKHe OTHOl.lJeHHlI aa pyfesce XX-XXI BeKOB
I
B.ll. JIapHH. - BJIaJJ;HBocToK, 2006.
4. CHH fyaH'I3H.HOBoe pa3BHTHe WaHXaHcKoH 0PraHH3aI.\HH
cOTpy.nHH'IeCTBal CHH
Fyaasaa II
l.{IO I.lJH. - 2003. - NQI4.
5. JIHBHI.lJHH, C. 2006 ron -
Ion
POCCHH BKHTae
I
C. JIHBH­
IIIHH
II
Ilpodnesssr .ll.anbHero BOCToKa. - 2006. - NQI.
6. BaH XaHIOHb. 0 uexoropsrx npofinessax CTaHOBJIeHHlI
WaHxaHCKOH OpraHH3aUHH COTpy.nHH'IeCTBa
I
BaH XaHIOHb
II
MelK.LIYHapo.nHbIH tPOpyM. - 2006. - NQ4.
7. JlIO Fysaa.
COBMeCTHblMH YCHJIHlIMH B03.n;BHrHeM nsopeu
KHTaHCKO-pOCCHHCKOro .no6pococe.ncTBa, .npyJK6b1 HCOTpy.nHH­
'1eCTBa
I
Jho fy'laH
II
KHP 55 JIeT. - M., 2004.
8.
I..J.yH
Csnsrao. Ilaprnepcxae
OTHOl.lJeHHlI crparerasecxoro
cOTpy.nHH'IeCTBa, o6pameHHble B nsanuars rrepBblH BeK
I
I..J.yH
Cxasrao. -
IleKHH,2004.
9. )KHpHOB, A..ll.. POCCHlI HKHTaH BCOBpeMeHHblX MelK.LIy­
aaponasix OTHOl.lJeHHlIX
I
A..ll.. )KHpHOB. - M., 2002.
10. Tarueaxo, K.B. TeH,neHUHH 3KOHOMH'IeCKoro B3aHMO­
.neHcTBHlI.ll.anbHero Bocroxa POCCHH HCesepo-Bocroxa KHTaJI
I
K.B. TaTueHKO. - BJIaJJ;HBoCToK, 2006.