Контрольна работа по "Английскому языку"

                                                             1 контрольная                               Вариант 3 

   1. Прочтите текст и ответьте  на следующие вопросы:

   1. When do pupils take their “0” level exam?

   2. How many “A” levels are enough to go to university? 

   “О”  LEVEL  AND  “A”  LEVEL  EXAMINATIONS 

   1. Pupils at secondary schools in England (that is, pupils between the age of twelve and eighteen) have two main exams to worry about. They take the first one when they are about fifteen. It's called “0” (ordinary) level.

   2. Many pupils take “0” level in about seven or eight different subjects. There are a lot of subjects to choose from carpentry to ancient languages.

   3. For a lot of jobs it's quite enough to have four or five “0” levels and usually these include English and Maths.

   4. Some pupils leave school when they are fifteen. But if they stay at school, they go to the sixth form and start working for the second main exam: “A” (advanced) level. It's a difficult exam, so pupils don't usually take it in more than three subjects.

   5. Three “A” levels are enough to go to university. But if they want to go to such universities as Oxford and Cambridge they take special exams as well. If you don't want to go to university, you get a good job with two or three “A” levels. 

   2. Переведите в письменной форме абзацы 1, 2, 4. 

   3. Выберите нужную форму глагола to be и переведите предложения на русский язык:

   1. History (is, was, will be) my favourite subject at school.

   2. Private schools (are, were, will be) expensive.

   3. We (are, were, will be) engineers in five years. 

   4. Напишите предложения в вопросительной, а затем в отрицательной форме и переведите их на русский язык:

   1. They have secretarial courses this year.

   2. This teacher had two lectures yesterday.

   3. You will have three exams next term.

     5. Поставьте глаголы, данные в скобках, в Past Indefinite Tense (прошедшее неопределенное время):

   1. The course of study (to last) five years.

   2. He (to graduate) from the university last year.

   3. They (to take) five exams last term.

      6. Составьте три предложения, используя слова, данные в колонках, и переведите их на русский язык:

   There is   many students   at the lecture

   There are  modern equipment   in our town

      only one private school  in the laboratory 
 

      вторая контрольная 

   Вариант 3 

   1. Прочтите текст и ответьте на следующие вопросы:

   1. What is the highest building in New York?

   2. What is the longest street in New York? 

   NEW  YORK 

   1. New York is one of the largest cities in the world. It is situated on the Hudson River. In 1626 the Dutch Trade Company bought Manhattan Island from the local Indians for twenty-four dollars. At present Manhattan Island is the centre of New York and its business section.

   2. New York is the city of skyscrapers. The highest skyscraper is the Empire State Building. It has 102 storeys and its height is 380 metres. Not far from the Empire State Building is Rockefeller Centre. Rockefeller Centre houses all kinds of offices, enterprises, theatres and music halls.

   3. Wall Street is the financial heart of the USA. The National Bank and large offices are situated there. Broadway is the longest street in the city. It is 29 kilometers long. Broadway is the street of the best known theatres and cinemas.

   4. The Statue of Liberty greets everybody who comes to New York by sea. Millions of emigrants from all parts of the world cross the ocean, hoping to find a better and happier life there. 

   2. Переведите в письменной форме абзацы 2, 4. 

   3. а) Назовите номер абзаца, в котором Participle I (причастие I) является определением. Выпишите это предложение и переведите его на русский язык.

   б) В каких функциях употреблено  причастие I в приведенных ниже предложениях? Переведите предложения на русский язык:

   1. Feeling not well she decided not to go to the party.

   2. Many people running in Central Park try to get slim.

   3. Playing in Central Park children are away from fast cars and busy streets. 

   4. Назовите номер предложения, в котором Participle II (причастие II) является определением, и переведите его на русский язык:

   1. Most skyscrapers are situated in the lower part of Manhattan.

   2. The Empire State Building constructed in 1931 is the highest building in New York.

   3. Many skyscrapers are made almost entirely of glass. 

                  тексты  для устного перевода

                                

                                                     OUR  PLANET  EARTH

       In 1972 the Earthmen sent a coded message into cosmos: “We live on a little planet near the Sun. We call our planet the Earth. We are intelligent beings...”. Sometimes, scientists and writers call the Earth itself a little living and intelligent being of cosmos.

   What is our planet like? If we look at the map of the world, we see that the Earth's surface is covered with deep waters of seas and oceans. The names of the four oceans are: the Atlantic Ocean, the Pacific Ocean, the Indian and the Arctic Oceans. These four salt water oceans and the seas as well as fresh water rivers and lakes make about 70 per cent of the Earth's surface.

   The six continents of the Earth with big and little islands make only 30 per cent of the Earth's surface. The names of the six continents are: Eurasia (Europe and Asia), Africa, North and South Americas, Australia and the Antarctic. On a cosmic scale our planet is certainly a very-very little place.

   How is our little planet living nowadays? What problems is it facing and what problems are the Earthmen facing? As a result of the technological progress and great needs of the peoples in minerals and water, the face of the Earth is changing day by day and not to the good.

   The ecological problems we are facing are really great and difficult to solve. There is an English song which sounds like this:

   “What are they doing to our land, my friend?

   What are they doing to the deep seas and oceans?

   What are they doing to the fresh water lakes and rivers, my friend?» 

   The answer to these questions may, really, be very sad.

   Our generation must not be so egoistic. We must think of our children, grandchildren and grand grandchildren as well. We really haven't got much fresh water on the Earth, as well as minerals. We must protect nature from people's egoism.

   What problems are the peoples of the five continents discussing now? The principal problem is the classical one-War and Peace problem. The discussions on this problem are taking place on all levels here and everywhere on our planet. State political leaders and scientists as well as common people of the five continents are thinking day and night about one and the same- “peace or war?” They are thinking over this problem inside their states and out, north and south, east and west from every point of view. This problem is exactly what we think about it – next world war may well be the end of our planet.

   If we want to be intelligent beings, as we say about it in our message to cosmos, we must protect and save this, perhaps, the only Oasis [ou'eisiz] of Life in our Universe. 

   Vocabulary

   the Earth - Земля (планета)

   the Earthmen - земляне (жители Земли)

   intelligent beings - разумные (мыслящие) существа

   may well be - вполне может быть

   point of view - точка зрения

   all - весь, вся, всё, все

   change - изменение

   earth -  земля, земной шар

   generation - поколение

   level - уровень

   message - послание, сообщение

   per cent -  процент

   scientist - ученый

   surface - поверхность

   state - государство

   cover - покрывать, закрывать

   to save - спасать

   to sound - звучать

   to send (sent, sent) - посылать, отправлять

   to solve - решать, разрешать (проблему, вопрос)

   exact - точный

   great - большой, значительный, великий

   sad - печальный

   exactly - точно

   inside - внутрь, внутри

   really – действительно 

   Задания  к  тексту:

   1. Прочтите текст.  Назовите проблемы, о которых говорится в тексте.

   2. Просмотрите текст  и найдите в  нем интернациональные  слова. Переведите  английские эквиваленты  следующих русских  словосочетаний:

   земная  поверхность покрыта; глубокие воды; соленая вода; пресноводные реки и  озера; составляют 30%; в космическом масштабе; в результате технологического прогресса; большие потребности; защищать природу от; на всех уровнях; вполне может стать. 

   3. Найдите в тексте  и прочтите абзацы:

   о континентах Земли;

   о водных ресурсах Земли;

   о проблемах экологического характера;

   о человеке – разумном существе планеты;

   о проблемах, связанных с угрозой  войны. 

   4. Закончите следующие фразы:

   1. The four salt water oceans are... . 2. The six continents of the Earth are... . 3. The big fresh water lakes of the Earth are... . 4. The big rivers of Russia are.... 5. On the map of the world we can see... . 6. The mankind of the Earth faces the problems of... . 7. The scientists and leaders of the state are discussing... . 

   5. Ответьте на вопросы:

1. What is the text about? 2. What do you know about the Earth? 3. What can you say about the waters covering the surface of the Earth? 4. What are the names of the continents / oceans? 5. What per cent of the Earth’s surface is covered with water / land? 6. What problems are we facing now? 7. Why are these problems so serious? 8. What must people do to solve them?

   HISTORY  OF  UNIVERSITY  AND  COLLEGE

         Universities originated in Europe during the eleventh century, but they were not the first in the world. Perhaps, the University of Al-Azhar founded in Cairo in 970 is one of the oldest still operating universities in the world.

   European universities developed from monastery schools and their development took place so slowly that it is difficult to know the point at which they became universities. Many scholars believe that the oldest European university is the University of Bologna, Italy. It was founded in the late tenth century, but it had existed as a law school since 890. The University of Paris developed during the eleventh century. Many other universities appeared in Europe during the twelfth and thirteenth centuries.

   These first schools were founded largely to serve the professions. They provided the first unified teaching of law, medicine, and theology. The lessons were conducted in the Latin language, which the students were to speak even among themselves.

   The oldest universities in Britain Oxford and Cambridge were founded in the Middle Ages. They have much in common and are, therefore, often spoken together, and are sometimes called collectively for convenience as Oxbridge. The word “college” originated later. There were no colleges in those early days and students’ life was very different from what it is now. Students were of all ages and came from everywhere. When the students began to settle in Oxford in the 12th century they lived as they could, lodging in inns and with townsfolk, or grouping themselves together and renting a house for their use. The first college (Merton College) was founded in 1249 and it was associated only with the residence for students to lodge. Life in college was strict.

   Students were not allowed to play games, to sing or dance, to hunt or even to fish. Later, however, colleges developed into complete educational institutions. 

   Vocabulary

   Authority - власть; авторитет

   competition - конкуренция; состязание; соревнование

   education - воспитание; образование; обучение

   play – игра

   reference - ссылка; сноска

to advance - делать успехи

   to depend (on) - зависеть от

   to fund - финансировать

   to express - выражать

   to graduate (from) - оканчивать высшее учебное заведение

   to link - соединять, связывать

   direct - прямой, непосредственный

   further - дальнейший

   independent - независимый, самостоятельный

   primary - первоклассный; первый; начальный

   private - частный, личный

   secondary - средний    

   senior - старший

   successful - успешный, удачный

   without - без

   to be responsible for - отвечать за что-л. (кого-л.) 

   ЗАДАНИЯ  К  ТЕКСТУ:

   1. Прочтите текст, сделайте устный  перевод и расскажите об истории  университетов и колледжей.