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Oil and gas translation is one of the most difficult types of technical and official translation. Translation of the documentation of oil and gas character includes such aspects as oil and gas fields exploration, gas processing and oil refining, description of the oil and gas equipment, economic aspects, insurance. Translator needs to know about the basic processes in the oil and gas industry: drilling and well operation, gas and oil recovery, their transportation etc. and also to be conversant in safety issues of oil and gas manufacture and production efficiency. Oil and gas translation inexorably associated with economic and insurance subjects, therefore translator is required to be conversant also in these questions. Considering the fact that to find an expert having a good grasp of many allied to oil and gas subjects, is very difficult, it will be efficiently to address in a translation company.
651.926
Methods of translation of official texts in oil and gas industry.
Mussayeva Gyuzel Dastanovna
Suleyman Demirel University
Introduction
Oil and gas translation is one of the most difficult types of technical
and official translation. Translation of the documentation of oil and
gas character includes such aspects as oil and gas fields exploration,
gas processing and oil refining, description of the oil and gas equipment,
economic aspects, insurance. Translator needs to know about the basic
processes in the oil and gas industry: drilling and well operation,
gas and oil recovery, their transportation etc. and also to be conversant
in safety issues of oil and gas manufacture and production efficiency. Oil
and gas translation inexorably associated with economic and insurance
subjects, therefore translator is required to be conversant also in
these questions. Considering the fact that to find an expert having
a good grasp of many allied to oil and gas subjects, is very difficult,
it will be efficiently to address in a translation company. “Foreign
Word” company has considerable practical experience in translation
of texts of oil and gas subject. /1/
Aim of research is to investigate the linguistic structure of the
abovementioned texts and methods of their translation into Russian.
The aim of the research is achieved through the following
tasks:
1. Analyzing the linguistic features of official texts in oil
and gas industry.
2. Analyzing the transformations made in translation on the syntactic and lexical levels.
3. Transformations made in translation of terminology.
The novelty of research is determined by the fact
that oil and gas translation is quite a new branch in the field of special
translation, and some spheres of this branch are not yet investigated.
The topicality of research is prompted by the fact that the oil and gas industry
is a rapidly developing field of industry in the Republic of Kazakhstan.
Practical application The results of our research can be used at the
lessons of Translation Theory, Scientific Translation, Written translation,
Informative Translation and Official Texts Translation.
Linguistic structure of official texts.
Official document has its special functions and linguistic features and it is with abundant cultural, political and social elements. This theory holds that language use consists of the continuous linguistic choice-making and explains the reason why people can make continuous linguistic choices when using language is that language has three properties: variability, negotiability and adaptability. Four angles should be investigated pragmatically in approaching a linguistic phenomenon: contextual correlates of adaptability, structural objects of adaptability, and the dynamics of adaptability and the salience of adaptation process. As a special form of language phenomenon, translation is a process of continuous making of linguistic choices in nature and also a process of making adaptation with regard to context and linguistic structure in a dynamic way. In this study it is also found out that the criteria for a successful translation is the principle of cognitive consonance which means the cognitive consistency that the translator's utterances produce in the target receptors when they process and appreciate the author's intentions. /2/ This thesis holds that in interpreting process of the informative and communicative information intended by the original author and then in the translation-producing process, the translator also has to reckon with the different structural objects in official document translation to satisfy the cognitive consonance of the target receptors. Therefore, with the principle of cognitive consonance, this thesis studied official document translation from the perspectives of contextual correlates and communicative correlates. Specifically, among the contextual correlates, the social and cultural factors, the mental workings, cognitive mechanism, the translator's intentions, the needs for objective and authoritative information, the aesthetic expectations and acceptability of the target receptors are prominent in their influence upon the translator's linguistic choice-making. The linguistic contextual correlates including intertexuality, contextual cohesion, sequencing, and style play a very important role in determining the translators' linguistic choices in the official document translation. At the lexical level, the knowledge on formality of the official document language including normalization, archaic words and technical terms will help the translators establish their contextual assumption about the official document language. Also the knowledge on the features of the redundancy, fuzziness and ambiguity in official document language can help the translators make linguistic adaptations to satisfy the target receptors' need, aesthetic expectation and acceptability. /3/
Linguistic Analysis of Official and Scientific Oil and Gas Texts Translation
Our practical part consists of thirty pages of an official document compiled in the Oil and Gas company which is entitled Contractor Prequalification Questionnaire. The document comprises the following parts: Company information, Financial and commercial information, Legal status, Ownership information, Cost Controls Procedures / Methodologies, Schedule, Business Principles and Corporate, Local Content, Scope of Work and commitment to Project Management, Certification, Lists of Equipment, In-house computing, Personnel qualifications, HEALTH, SAFETY, ENVIRONMENT (HSE), Policy and Strategic Objectives, Organization, Responsibilities, Resources, Standards and Documentation, Hazards and Effects Management, Company’s Policy with approved standards and rules., Planning and Procedures, Corrective and preventive actions, Implementation and HSE Performance Monitoring, HSE Management – Additional Features, QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS, Quality Manual and Procedures, Quality Measurement and Audits. Our task is to analyze the lexical and syntactical transformations used in translation of official documents.
In order to translate the documents under research we used the following dictionaries: Oxford Primary Dictionary, Collins English Dictionary, Cambridge, ABBYY Lingvo x5, The Concise Oxford English Dictionary.
The title presents an attributive group which is very typical for the English
official texts. It is translated into Russian by means of explicitation
(Decompression, extension).
- Please indicate if a Kazakh Governmental Institution owns your сompany (wholly or partially).
- Просим указать являются ли Казахстанские государственные учреждения (частично или полностью) собственниками вашей компании?
(Grammar substitution, syntactic substitution – nominalization of the predicate)
- Please confirm you have read the Shell Group Business Principles
- Просим подтвердить, что Вы
ознакомились с Принципами
( Explicitation, attributive group – decompression)
- Country and Year of Company Legal Registration.
- Страна и год официальной регистрации компании.
(Half calque)
What is the total percentage of Kazakh Ownership of your company at this stage, if any?
Какая доля участия Казахстанской стороны в вашей компании на данный момент, при наличии?
(Analogue substitution)
- Have familiarised with a website
- Ознакомились с веб-сайтом
(Specification)
- Provide a list and details, if known at this time, of your proposed JV’s office locations and operational bases especially with regards to their capabilities, sizes, and employee numbers.
- Просим предоставить список и детальную информацию, при наличии таковой в данный момент, о местах расположения офисов планируемых совместных предприятий и рабочих площадок, в частности, их возможности, размер и количество персона.
(Analogue translation)
- Please provide a review of the financial status of your company – audited annual report for the last 3 yrs. (The data provided should enable one to identify the following: 1. Turnover $USD, 2. Net Profit $USD, 3. Company’s Net Worth $USD, 4. Company Creditor Ratio (showing rate at which creditors are paid according to agreed payment times)
- Просим предоставить финансовый отчет вашей компании - аудиты годовых отчетов за последние 3 года (предоставленные данные помогут определить: 1. Оборот в дол. США; 2. Чистую прибыль в дол. США; 3. Чистую стоимость компании в долларах США; 4. Коэффициент кредиторской задолженности (коэффициент по которому кредиторы получают выплаты в соответствии с оговоренным временем выплат);
(grammatical substitution, nominalization)
- Do you plan on joining in any type of Partnership with an International Contractor to perform the Scope of Work listed in Appendix 3 If Yes, please describe details of this arrangement if it is available at this stage and the expected potion of the Scope of Work expected to be performed by this Partner.
- Планируете ли Вы заключить партнерские отношения любого типа с иностранным Подрядчиком для выполнения Объема Работ, перечисленного в Приложении 3. В случае положительного ответа, просим детально описать, какого рода партнерские отношения вы планируете заключить, если это известно в настоящий момент и какая часть Объема Работ планируется для выполнения этим Партнером.
(syntactic substitution), (logical development)
- “ICF Montazhspetsstroy” LTD
- Товарищество с ограниченной ответсвенностью “ СПФ Стоительно-Производственная Фирма
- Please confirm that the entity showing interest in this exercise and its immediate and ultimate parent companies, if applicable , have not been the subject of bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership or general restructuring for the benefit of creditors in the last 5 years. If any of the above entities have been the subject of any of the proceedings, please provide details on current status, resolution/outcome and any pending or on-going legal or other associated action or specific constraints on current or planned business.
- Просим подтвердить то,
что заинтересованное в
if applicable- если такая существует (analogue translation)
the subject of bankruptcy - объектами ликвидации (lexical substitution)
receivership - судебного спора (implicitation)
on current status- детальную информацию о состоянии дел на данный момент
- Our company plans to construct two sulphuric acid plants of Customer KAZATOMPROM, and also construction of oil/gas facilities of Customer “PetroKazakhstan Kumkol Resources”, “Turgai Petroleum” “KazGerMunai”.
- Наша Компания планирует
Строительство двух
Infinitive → noun( grammatical substitution). Transcription of proper name
- Parent Company Name and Registered Address.
- Название материнской компании и юридический адрес
Half calque
- What is your company’s commitment to Kazakhstan in respect of corporate plans to establish a presence or remain in Kazakhstan, and continue or expand business ventures?
- Каковы планы Вашей компании в Казахстане, имеется ввиду корпоративные планы – учредить компанию или сохранить предыдущий статус в Казахстане, и продолжить деятельность или увеличить количество коммерческих предприятий.
company’s commitment to Kazakhstan → планы Вашей компании в Казахстан (analogue translation)
in respect of → имеется ввиду (analogue translation)
business ventures → коммерческие предприятий (specification)
- Annually we have Tax Audit
- Ежегодно проводятся налоговые проверки
Translated by means of syntactic substitution → Russian impersonal sentence
- Provide a list of major equipment items and similar that would typically be assigned to execution of work as contemplated herein. Include type, make and date of manufacture of equipment
- Предоставьте список
наиболее важного оборудования
и подобных элементов, которые
вы обычно используете в
(Generalization)
Conclusion
In order to translate the documents under research we used the following dictionaries: Oxford Primary Dictionary, Collins English Dictionary, Cambridge, ABBYY Lingvo x5, The Concise Oxford English Dictionary.
As the result of our research we came to the conclusion that the official texts compiled in oil and gas industry can be translated by means of lexical, morphological and syntactical transformations.
The transformation used: Analogue translation, Explicitation, Specification, Grammatical substitution, Half calque, Implicitation, lexical substitution, Syntactic substitution, Nominalization of the predicate, Extension, Decompression, Attributive group, Generalization.
Reference
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