Автор работы: Пользователь скрыл имя, 23 Февраля 2012 в 15:06, курсовая работа
In this course paper we shall treat some problems of accentual structure. . According to D.Crystal the terms "heaviness, sound pressure, force, power, strength, intensity, amplitude, prominence, emphasis, accent, stress" tend to be used synonymously by most writers. According to G.P. Torsuev the notions “stressed” and “prominent” should not be used synonymically. The effect of prominence is created by some phonetic features of sounds which have nothing to do with word or sentence stress.
Introduction
Chapter I. English stress as a phenomenon
1.1 Peculiarities of Word Stress in English
1.2 The placement of word stress
1.3 Overview of English accentual words
Chapter II. The questions of typology of accentual structure
2.1 Degrees of stress and rhythmical tendency
2.2 Functional aspects of word stress
2.3 Practical analysis showing the types of stress
Conclusion
List of literature
Conclusion:
In this course paper we have treated some problems of accentual structure, such as the quantitative and qualitative components of word stress, vowels and consonants.
From chapter I we have known that vowel of the stressed syllable is perceived as never reduced or obscure and longer than the same vowel in the unstressed syllables.
In the point 1.1. we have said about European languages such as English, German, French, Russian, and that they are believed to possess predominantly dynamic word stress. In Scandinavian languages the word stress is considered to be both dynamic and musical.
In the point 1.2. we have paid attention to the instability of English accentual structure of words and that the English presents much difficulty for Russian learners, because of his multisyllabic words the accentual structure of which is regulated by the rhythmical tendency.
In chapter II We have pointed out that in a speech chain the phonetic structure of a word obtains additional characteristics connected with rhythm, melody, and tempo. Though the sentence stress falls on the syllable marked by the word stress it is not realized in the stressed syllable of an isolated word but in a word within speech continuum.
In the point 2.1. we singled out that the opinions of phoneticians differ as how many degrees of stress are linguistically relevant in a word.
So, we think that we have achieved the aim of the course paper and fulfilled all the tasks which were put in this work.
List of literature:
1. Crystal D. – The English of voice – Ldn, 1975
2. Jones D. The phoneme. Its nature and use – Cambridge, 1967
3. O’Connor J.D. Phonetics – penguin, 1977
4. Vassilyev V.A. English Phonetics: A theoretical course – M., 1970
5. Palmer H.E. English intonations with systematic exercises – Cambridge, 1924
6. Vassilyev V.A., Burenkova O.V., - М., 1992
7. Katanskaya A.R., Lukina N.D., Maslova L.P., Torsueva E.I. – English phonetics (a normative course) – Leningrad, 1962
8. Abercrombie D. The department of phonetics – Edinburgh University, May, 1958
9. Jones D. an outline of English phonetics, 9th ed, Cambridge, 1960
10. Oxford Russian dictionary – Oxford Russian press, 2000
11. Англо-русский и русско-английский словарь с грамматическим приложением – М., издательство «Лукоморье», 2001.
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