Мотивація в менеджментi пiдприэмств АПК

  Проведено аналіз механізму формування мотиваційної функції в менеджменті підприємств АПК та її трансформації в умовах підприємницького середовища, яке постійно змінюється. Встановлено пріоритети мотивації в менеджменті підприємств на сучасному етапі їхнього розвитку. Висвітлено механізми впливу мотиваційних факторів на ефективність діяльності агропромислових підприємств, об’єднань, бізнесових структур.

  Запропоновано системну модель мотивації в менеджменті  підприємств АПК, в якій доведено необхідність системного впливу мотиваційних факторів мікро- і макроекономічного рівня на підвищення ефективності розвитку агропромислових підприємств.

  Ключові слова: мотивація, мотиваційна функція, підприємництво, підприємницьке середовище, організаційно-управлінська структура, реструктуризація, маркетингова діяльність, інформаційне забезпечення, системний вплив, ефективний менеджмент.  

  Кравчук И.И. Мотивация в  менеджменте предприятий  АПК (на материалах пищевых  предприятий Житомирской  области). – Рукопись.

  Диссертация на соискание ученой степени кандидата  экономических наук по специальности 08.06.02. – предпринимательство, менеджмент и маркетинг. – Государственная агроэкологическая академия Украины, Житомир, 2001.

  В диссертации рассмотрены теоретические  основы и социально-экономические  предпосылки развития мотивации  в менеджменте предприятий АПК с учетом особенностей их постприватизационной реструктуризации.

  Проведен  анализ механизма формирования мотивационной  функции в менеджменте предприятий  АПК и ее трансформации в условиях постоянно меняющейся предпринимательской  среды. Установлены приоритеты мотивации в менеджменте предприятий на современном этапе их развития. Охарактеризованы механизмы воздействия мотивационных факторов на эффективность деятельности агропромышленных предприятий, объединений, структур бизнеса.

  Предложено системную модель мотивации в менеджменте предприятий АПК, которая доказывает необходимость системного воздействия мотивационных факторов микро- и макроэкономического уровня на повышение эффективности развития агропромышленных предприятий.

  Ключевые  слова: мотивация, мотивационная функция, предпринимательство, предпринимательская среда, организационно-управленческая структура, реструктуризация, маркетинговая деятельность, информационное обеспечение, системное воздействие, эффективный менеджмент. 

SUMMARY

  Kravchuk 1.1. Motivation In Management of Agro-industrial Comples Enterprises (on the material of food industry enterprises of the Zhytomyr Region). - Manuscript.

  Thesis for a candidate degree in Economic Sciences by speciality 08.06.02 - Business, Management and Marketing. - State Agroecological Academy of Ukraine, Zhytomyr, 2001.

  The dissertation deals with theoretical principles and socio-economic prerequisities for developing motivation in the management of agro-industrial complex (AIC) enterprises, taking into account peculiarities of their post-pri valization restructuring.

  Motivation is considered as the combination of two concepts:

  “motivation function” and “psychological category”. The development of the national economy of Ukraine is impossible without applying the totality of motivation factors - the stimuli for development. The global task of the Ukrainian agrarian policy is to provide the population with high-quality food products. Therefore, applying the function of motivation in management of AIC enterprises, integrated associations, the whole system of agrarian business is especially topical today.

  Privatization of AIC enterprises has become the initial stage of their further transformation. The thesis contains the analysis of the effect of privatization upon the optimal restructuring of enterprises, its first step being change and improvement of organizational structures. Adaptation of the latter to the changing conditions of the environment facilitates raising the motivation of development of AIC enterprises.

  Restructuring motivation also includes changing external organisational structures. On the basis of the analysis of AIC enterprises development efficiency it is proved that the highest motivation effect in the sphere of agrarian business is produced by creating integrated associations in the system comprising agricultural production - processing - realization of farm products. The structure-forming priority belongs to the enterprise (agricultural, food-producing, processing) which is able to maintain the system of functioning continuity.

  The dewelopment of entrepreneurship led to the employment of new  motivation approaches to enterprise management since there appeared  chances of adaptation to the environment which demanded high enterprising qualities of managers at different levels.  Due to analysing the dependence of the development efficiency level of food industry enterprises on the professional skills of managers it is proved that high motivation of enterprise development can bi achieved by a manager who possesses good enterprise qualities.

  The questionnaire of the personnel of the Zhytomyr Region food industry enterprises made it possible to establish the rank significance of motivation factors in AIC enterprises management. She highest rank is given to the factor of material motivation because only material means can satisfy paramount requirements of people in food, clothes and housing.

  It is proved that the effective material encouragement of personnel is the most important factor in the development of labour productivity and profitability of enterprises. Various forms of encouragement suggested for material stimulation (commission and bonus payment, favourable discount for deelers, distributors and regular wholesale customers, etc.) are to ensure the fulfilment of the main functions of wages - these of reproduction and stimulation.

  The further ranking of motivation factors made it possible to reveal the hierarchy of motivation prerequisites of the efficient production development. It is proved that effective motivation on the micro-economic level (the level of enterprises) is facilitated by applying methods and functions of efficient management in their totality.

  Marketing was considered by all the respondents (managers of upper and middle echelons) as an important motivation factor in the rise of AIC enterprises development efficiency. The most important stage in marketing is sales of produce because it ensures the reproduction cycle regularity and facilitates the development and renovation of production programs. Sales of produce make up the initial stage of efficient marketing. The thesis suggests the following stages of marketing formation for AIC enterprises: efficient sales, analyses of market capacity and segmentation, determination of the product life cycle and forecasting of demand.

  The thesis emphasises the necessity of information supply for agrarian business. Information in today, market environment has acquired the form of an innovation product. Possessing fresh information contributed to high motivation of marketing management of enterprises.

  The thesis proves that the highest efficiency of the AIC enterprises development is reached with the help of the constant effect of motivators at micro- and macroeconomic levels. It suggests the systemic pattern of motivation for AIC enterprises management which makes it possible to establish priorities of interdependence of internal and external motivators of a certain enterprise depending on the conditions and level of development.

  The thesis suggests several variants of the systems of motivation factors which can be transformed in the conglomerate organ national structure. The influence of the system of political, legal, investment, innovation, etc. external (macroeconomic) motivators interacting with internal factors  of motivation of efficient management will produce a synergic effect which will raise motivation of the efficient development of AIC enterprises.

  Key words: motivation, motivation function, enterprise, enterprise environment, organisational structure of management, restructuring, market activity, information supply, systemic effect, efficient management. 

Підписано до друку 04.09.2001.

Формат 60х84  1/16. Папір друк.

Ум. друк. арк. 1,0. Обл.-вид. арк. 1,0.

Тираж 120 прим. Зам. № 1348.

Житомирське книжково-газетне видавництво "Полісся".

10008 Житомир,  вул. Шевченка, 18-а.

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